북한 농업 및 농정 동향 분석
- 영문 제목
- An analysis of N. Korean agriculture and agricultural policy trends
- 출판년도
- 2002-12
- 목차
- 목차제 1 장 서 론 1. 연구목적 및필요성1 2. 국내외 연구동향과 선행연구 검토3 3. 연구내용과범위4 4. 연구 방법5제 2 장 북한 농업의 현황과 특성 1. 농업관련 주변 환경의 변화7 2. 농업생산 현황12 3. 농업생산구조13제 3 장 농업관련 제도와 정책 1.농업정책의 변화17 2. 농업관련 제도의 정비와 변화20제 4 장 북한 경제 동향 1. 일반 경제동향22 2. 북한의 7.1 경제관리개선조치24 3. 농업부문의경제동향46 4. 북한의 농업 발전 전략51 5. 신의주 특별행정구역 지정의 배경과설치54제 5 장 분야별 농업동향 1.경종63 2. 축산69 3. 양어74 4.임업76 5. 농업 기반78 6. 농기계 및 농자재847. 기술개발과 보급86 8. 농촌개발86제 6 장 국제사회의 대북 농업 교류협력 동향1. 국제민간단체의 대북 농업지원 동향88 2. 외국의 대북 농업지원 및 협력사업동향89 3. 국제기구의 대북 농업지원 동향91제 7 장 남북한 농업 교류협력 동향 1.남북한 교역 동향93 2. 남북한 농업분야 교역 동향94 3. 민간 및 정부의 대북농업지원 동향102 4. 남북한 농업분야 경협사업 추진 동향109제 8 장 북한의 식량 수급 현황과 전망 1.북한의 식생활 실태111 2. 식량 수급현황115 3. 식량수급전망117참 고 문 헌120부 록부록 1.신의주특별행정구 기본법(전문）122부록 2. 금강산관광지구법136부록 3.개성공업지구법142부록 4. 2003년 대북 지원을 위한 유엔합동호소150부록 5. 북한의 농업관련조직204부록 6. 2002년 월별 남북한 농림수산물 교역실적235
NGO`s activities can be legitimate because they are based on socialphenomena and because NGOs play an important role in responding to socialdysfunction. Also, the appearance of the concept of global governance shows theimportance of NGO`s activities and the necessity of their participation in thepolicy process.The purposes of this study are to analyze how NGOs participate in theagricultural policy process and to depict what the desirable ways of theirpolicy participation are.Research methods for this study are as follows: first, in order toanalyze the real situations of policy participation of agriculture-related NGOs,we analyzed twenty eight agriculture-related NGOs based on the data collected byquestionnaire and interviews and compared them with data gained by analyzingfifty eight general NGOs located in Seoul; second, in order to evaluate theparticipation of agriculture-related NGOs in the policy process, we conductedquestionnaire from interviewing NGOs` staffs and public officials and comparedtwo groups.It is proved that the objective conditions of NGOs are not related tothe positiveness or spontaneity of their activities. The positiveness andspontaneity of their activities are not closely related to the objectiveconditions, but to their intrinsic goals and characteristics.The necessity of NGOs` participation in the policy process isrecognized by NGOs and policy authorities. NGO`s participation can make policymakers agricultural policies based on real fields and establish cooperationrelationship between two groups. Also, they have common opinion about NGO`sparticipation in setting up the fundamental plan like mid- and long-termagricultural and rural development plans. On the other hand, there aredifferences in the disadvantages of NGO`s participation and the obstacles on theactivation of NGO`s participation.There were considerable changes in the ways and modes of NGO`sparticipation. The modes and ways of participation have been diversified such asmovement shifts from illegal riots to legal and formal participation of being apartner of formal committees and commissions. However, in general, theparticipation is still more formal. NGOs think that government policies have notreflected the voices of actual fields. Because government authority thinks thatNGOs have stated their interest rather than the interests of the agriculturalsector as a whole, they could not help having limitations in responding torelated NGOs` voices. That is, public officials understand these phenomena as asort of Nimby. In order to solve these problems, NGOs` participationshould be directed to setting up their substantial participation.It is very meaningful for government authorities to carry outcooperative projects with NGOs. Korean agriculture is not competitive as awhole. Only a few items have competitiveness. Rebuilding agriculturalvitality depends upon the change of paradigm based on the new recognition ofagriculture and rural areas such as multi-functionality. The basic premisein building a new paradigm is that the protection of agriculture and governmentsubsidy should be based on general people's consensus. NGOs are the mostdesirable organizations that try to pursue their goals without their owninterests according to the principles of social justice and public interest inorder to gain people's consensus. Some projects that need public relationscarried out by NGOs having integrity may be better than by governmentagencies.In this aspect, existing policy response of policy authority may not beactive. Although government authorities formalize NGO`s participationaccording to timely needs, their positive will has been positive in establishinga new paradigm for policy participation. They do not recognize the necessity andvalue of NGO`s participation in the policy process in terms of the protection ofagriculture based on the persuasion of people.The desirable way of civilian policy participation is that agriculturalpolicy authority should recognize NGOs as policy partners and carry outagricultural projects substantially. The way of cooperation between NGOs andpolicy authorities should be different from issues and make sure the rolesof NGOs and policy authority. Especially, NGOs carry out projects that need theconsensus of people and public relations.There are some improvements in relationship between NGOs and policyauthorities. First, mutual understanding between them should be expanded. Bothsides should expand relationships and put lots of efforts to understandeach other. Also, existing relationship of the provision of supports and thereception of benefits should be changed to the relationship of mutualcooperation. Second, the way of policy participation of NGOs should bediversified and substantialized such as participating committees havingdecision-making authority and the delegation of agricultural policyimplementation. The objects of privatization of agricultural policy areas areeducation for consumers and general public and commercialized fields enabling torun projects without government supports. For example, the involved are theeducation for environmentally friendly agriculture and retuning to the farming,green tourism and rural amenity, consulting farming, and so on.Foreign cases shed some lights on reforming the mode of policyparticipation of NGOs. French Agricultural Lead Committee can be adopted.However, institutional improvement needs other previous conditions likegovernment organizational reform.
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