농림업 분야 중점 협력국별 국제개발협력 전략 수립(2차년도): 종합보고서

Abstract

이 연구는 아시아 2개국(네팔, 인도), 아프리카 2개국(가나, 세네갈), 그리고 중남미 1개국(볼리비아) 등 5개 나라와 우리나라 사이의 농림업 분야 개발협력 전략에 관한 내용을 담고 있다. 협력의 기본방향과 중점 협력 분야를 제시한 만큼 기본 전략서라고 할 수 있다. 우리나라 농림축산식품부를 비롯해 외교부, 기획재정부, 농촌진흥청 등 농림업 분야에서 공적개발원조 사업을 담당하는 정부부처가 참고할 만한 내용을 담고 있다. 나아가 이들 5개 나라의 경제, 농업에 관한 기초자료도 담고 있어서 국제사회를 연구하거나 자료를 수집하는 독자들에게 많은 도움을 줄 것으로 생각한다.

우리 연구원은 2018년 연구를 통해 농림업 분야에서 개발협력을 중점 추진할 16개 나라를 선정했다. 이들 나라에 대해서는 해마다 3~5개 나라를 대상으로 하여 농림업 분야 개발협력 전략서를 작성하겠다는 계획이고, 이 보고서는 그 첫해의 연구 결과물인 것이다.

Research Background International society has announced Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which implied its sustained engagement in development cooperation. The efficient linkage between economic cooperation and development cooperation has become a crucial domestic foreign policy agenda. There has been an argument that organizational and institutional arrangement, human resource development, and implementation capacity building are necessary for catching up with the ever-increasing domestic official development assistance (ODA) budgets. Furthermore, more systematic and long-term cooperation strategic road maps will be required. The previous year’s (2018) study had selected sixteen priority countries in agriculture and forestry sectors for Korean ODA. This study, in 2019, focuses on five countries of them to implement in-depth analyses on current situations and challenges in the agricultural sector. The study, as its final outputs, presents the priority areas of cooperation for each country, which are intended that ODA agencies would consider the areas as the places to plan new development cooperation projects.

Research Methodology Besides literature review, diverse databases from World Bank Group, IFAD, FAOStat, Korean Prime Minister’s Office, and EDCF provided statistics for situation analysis. Interviews with public officials, researchers, and stakeholders from the target countries, and Korean delegates seconded to the countries had also been valuable sources of information. Concerned researchers or experts working at research institutes or international organizations in the target countries were requested to join the study by authoring reports on specific themes, including agricultural value chains of some products like rice.

Findings This study employes the research process: first, it reviewed current economic and agricultural situations, governmental policies and strategies, and reports provided by the researchers and experts of target countries. Economic and development cooperation activities and experiences were also reviewed. Mid- to long-term strategic objectives and basic directions for cooperation are derived, which led to the provision of more specified priority areas of cooperation. Priority areas for Nepal are: agricultural technology R&D and extension system, distribution and marketing for agricultural value chain development, and productivity enhancement of food crop—rice. For India, priority areas are: agricultural processing industry development, agricultural R&D and extension system, and distribution and marketing for agricultural products. For Ghana, they are: firstly, food security through seed variety development, distribution, and production infrastructure development, secondly, market access through post-harvest technology, storage and marketing, and market information, and, thirdly, agro-industrial development through private investment, cooperatives, and supports for business initiation activities. Priority areas for Senegal also include food security through seed variety development, distribution, and production infrastructure development. Others are: income source diversification, and expansion of private investment. For Bolivia, the selected priority areas are: firstly, strengthened capacity for countering climate change and agricultural productivity enhancement, secondly, capacity building of agricultural policy-making and governance, and, thirdly, community and cooperative development.

Researchers: Heo Jang, Cha Wonkyu, Lee Hyojung, Lee Yoonjung, Cho Sunmee, Lee Mina, Choi Jungman Research period: 2019. 1. ~ 2019. 12. E-mail address: heojang@krei.re.kr