식품산업 변화에 대응한 식품통계의 효율적 구축 방안

Abstract

정부와 업계는 식품산업을 둘러싼 여건이 변화함에 따라 식품산업 변화 및 특징을 파악하고자 한다. 식품산업 여건 변화에 따라 정부는 2019년 12월 ‘5대 유망식품 육성을 통한 식품산업 활력 제고 대책’을 발표하였지만, 이를 뒷받침할 통계 기반이 미약한 상태이다. 식품업무 주관부처인 농림축산식품부는 타 부처에서 생산하는 통계를 주로 이용하고 있어 시의성 및 구체성이 떨어져 통계의 정책 활용도가 낮은 편이다. 식품산업을 둘러싼 여건 변화에 따라 요구되는 신식품에 대한 통계를 효율적으로 구축하기 위한 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다.

이 연구는 식품제조업에 초점을 맞춰 식품통계의 현황을 진단하여 문제점을 도출하고, 식품산업의 변화에 대응한 식품통계의 효율적 구축 방안을 제안하기 위해 수행되었다. 본 연구에서 효율적 구축 방안은 신규 통계를 추가하는 등 통계 DB를 새롭게 만드는 것뿐만 아니라 활용도가 낮은 기존 통계를 재가공하거나 홍보하여 활용도를 높이는 것을 포함한다.

Purpose of Research ○ As the food industry goes through various changes, the government and the sector intend to understand the characteristics of such transformations. Although the government announced the measures to revitalize the food industry by developing five food products with potentials in December 2019, there is no reliable statistical base to support the policy. The Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) is in charge of food-related tasks. Still, it uses other ministries’ statistical data, which are not adequately related to MAFRA’s policy ideas. Therefore, it is necessary to devise an efficient statistical platform for new promising food products.

○ This study focuses on the food manufacturing sector to identify problems in food statistics. Based on the analysis, it suggests an efficient platform to respond to the changes the industry undergoes. The platform includes new statistical databases and ways to utilize the existing data after reprocessing.

Research Methodology ○ This research selects the food manufacturing sector as its subject. It represents the food industry, and thus, is highly related to primary data to develop policy ideas to respond to the industry’s changes.

○ We used various statistical data and literature at home and abroad to explore the industrial changes. We checked the state of food statistics and related problems, through reviews of previous studies and the survey of data users. The survey targeted 106 data users categorized into four groups: food companies/ associations, government agencies, universities, and research institutes. It was carried out as a web survey using a structured questionnaire from September 22 to October 15, 2020. Apart from the survey, we used experts’ advice, in-depth interviews, and meetings with professionals to detect problems, check new demand for statistics, and seek efficient ways to set up a new data platform. Also, we asked experts to write on the state of food statistical classification and the statistics on new foods in the U.S. and Japan.

Key Findings Changes in the Food Industry ○ Amid changes in the food industry after the COVID-19 outbreak, food consumption, distribution channels, and industry trends are likely to transform. Also, the food products expected to progress before the pandemic will speed up the growth.

○ The food manufacturers’ shipments in 2018 amounted to KRW 92 trillion, 6.1% up annually since 2007. When breaking down into the sub-sectors, the other food manufacturers’ shipments took the largest share with 31.0%, contributing considerably to the industry’s growth. Although the other food manufacturing part includes various food products, it is hard to consider it can be used for statistics on new products such as five foods with potentials.

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