2021 식품소비행태조사 기초분석보고서

Abstract

식품소비 관련 통계는 지출액이나 개별 식품의 구입행태 등의 조사로는 빠르게 변화하는 소비자의 식품소비 트렌드를 파악하는 데 한계가 있다. 사회적 여건 변화에 대응하여 식품소비행태를 구체적으로 파악하고, 식품산업 발전과 식품의 원활한 수급 및 식품자원의 효율적 이용을 위해서는 대표성 있는 식품소비조사 표본을 구축하여 식품소비행태에 대한 주기적이고 체계적인 조사·분석이 필요하다.

한국농촌경제연구원에서는 2013년부터 객관적이고 신뢰할만한 식품소비행태 통계를 구축하기 위해 ‘식품소비행태조사’를 실시하고 있으며, 통계청의 인구주택총조사 자료를 이용하여 표본에서 전국적인 대표성을 확보하였다. ‘식품소비행태조사’는 2013년부터 2017년까지 제1기 조사가 진행되었고, 2018년부터 표본틀을 안정적으로 개선하고 조사문항을 보완하여 제2기 조사를 진행하고 있다. 조사 내용은 가구 내 식품소비행태뿐만 아니라 외식 행태, 라이프 스타일, 농식품 소비지 역량과 식품의 표시·안전성 등 식생활 전반에 관한 인식을 포함하고, 올해는 작년에 이어 코로나19의 확산으로 인한 변화까지 담고자 하였다.

Background of Research As a response to the changing food consumption behaviors, it is necessary to conduct multi-faceted surveys on a continued basis to identify the food consumption trends. However, the government approved statistics regarding food consumption have focused only on the survey on food spending, while the surveys on other areas remained very insufficient. So far there hasn’t been a survey performed to show the overall aspects of food consumption behaviors. To understand food consumption behaviors in detail and to use them as a useful base of analysis in production and developing a related policy, the representative sampling for food consumption surveys needs to be pursued, being conducted on a regular basis.

Method of Research For the 2020 survey, we designed a composite sample using newly extracted sample households from Statistics Korea as well as the samples of the 2019 survey. The areas included in the survey are the consumers’ food consumption patterns (with regards to food choices, nutrition, health, etc.); food purchase and consumption behaviors; food consumer characteristics; eating out patterns; consumers’ self-evaluation on their food consumption patterns; the current status of food consumption education and promotion; and key policy issues. In this study, a two-step survey is designed. First, the household- level survey is designed to ask questions to the main food purchaser of a household regarding the family’s food consumption and the characteristics of the household. Secondly, the household member-level survey is designed to ask questions to any household members (13∼74 years of age) their food consumption status outside of home and individual perceptions on food consumption. When the respondents are adolescents, a different set of questionnaire was used considering their limited experience in terms of food consumption compared with adults.

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