농업부문 에너지 이용 실태

Abstract

농가는 에너지 절감시설을 도입할 때 고정비용 회수를 고려하게 되므로 에너지 절감도 중요하지만 생산성 향상으로 인한 소득 증대에 관심이 집중된다. 그러므로 정부의 에너지 정책은 농가의 에너지에 대한 의식이 에너지 절감과 생산성 향상을 동시에 고려할 수 있는 방향으로 추진되어야 한다. 정부는 농가가 에너지 절감시설을 이용할 수 있도록 지원·홍보하는 한편, 겨울철 재배의 품질향상과 생산량 증대를 위한 새로운 기술과 방법을 동시에 개발해야 한다. 그리고 지역의 재배환경 또는 작물에 따라 실정에 맞는 에너지 절감시설이 도입될 수 있도록 행정, 전문가, 실수요자인 농가의 의견을 반영한 에너지 정책이 필요하다.

Analysis of the energy use of farmers found that it is highly dependent on oil and electricity. In particular, as with fruits and vegetables, 95% of oil use was devoted to facility heating and the dependency on electricity was as low as 5%. On the other hand, farms and fruit orchards use oil mainly for farm machinery and electricity for storing and drying. In a comparison of crops, the consumption of light oil by tomato growers was 7 times greater than that in rice cultivation and 28 times more than that by fruit tree farmers, and 95% of the energy required for heating during the winter cultivation season in greenhouse gardening was obtained from oil. At present, farmers' favorite energy sources among all usable energy sources are oil and electricity, and preference for new renewable energy sources such as terrestrial heat, solar heat, and wind force is low. Farmers try to cope with rising oil prices, but the commercialization of new renewable energy should be a priority to enable preference and use. In the meantime, facilities with major energy reduction are preferred by greenhouse gardeners, including multilayered heat-keeping curtains and vertical heat terrestrial heat pumps. Every farmhouse wants to upgrade to a highly efficiency facility, but the problem is cost. Countermeasures in any proposed energy policy for small and medium farmers should emphasize the distribution of inexpensive energy reduction facilities.

Researchers: Eun-Mee Jeong, Woong-Yeon Lee E-mail address: jeongem@krei.re.kr