축산업의 후방연관산업 구조와 발전방안

Abstract

최근 축산업은 FTA에 따른 시장개방, 국제곡물가격 상승, 질병 발생, 축산업에 대한 규제강화 등 축산업과 관련한 대내외 여건이 악화되면서 축산업의 질적인 성장에 대한 요구가 한층 높아지고 있다. 축산업의 질적 성장은 축산업의 투입재로 사용되고 있는 사료, 동물약품, 축산기자재, 수의·방역 등 축산업의 후방연관산업의 지원이 없이는 달성되기 어렵다.

그럼에도 불구하고 그동안 축산업 후방연관산업은 사료산업을 제외하고는 기본적인 통계자료조차 제대로 갖추지 못할 정도로 정책적인 관심에서 다소 소외되었던 것이 사실이다. 이러한 상황에서 축산업의 지속가능한 발전을 위해서는 사료비용 절감, 질병예방을 통한 생산성향상, 가축분뇨의 환경문제 해결 등 축산업 후방연관산업의 역할이 매우 중요한 때이다.

이 연구는 축산업 후방연관산업인 사료산업, 동물약품산업, 축산기자재산업을 중심으로 산업별 현황과 당면과제, 정책, 상호연관관계 등을 분석하여 축산업 후방연관산업의 발전방안을 도출할 목적으로 수행되었다.

Background of Research Since the beginning of the 2000s, the livestock industry has faced the need for paradigm shift from the existing quantitative growth to a sustainable qualitative growth, reflecting the changes in the domestic and international circumstances that include the market liberation by FTA, the rise in international grain prices, the outbreak of diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, the tightening of regulations on the livestock industry, and the increasing demand for safe livestock products. For sustainable qualitative growth of the livestock industry, it is essential to support the upstream livestock industries such as feed industry, animal drug industry, livestock equipment industry, and quarantine and pest control. Therefore, in this study, the current conditions, challenges, policies and the correlations of upstream livestock industries are analyzed focusing on animal feed, animal drugs and livestock equipment based on the plans to promote the development of upstream livestock industries. Method of Research In order to identify the economic impacts of the livestock sector on the national economy in general and the structural changes in the livestock industry and its related industries, an input-output analysis was conducted using the Ritz-Spaulding model with the past 20 years’ input-output tables. Research Results and Implications Meat and processed meat products, dairy products, animal feed, and agricultural machinery have showed high growth rates over the past 20 years. However those are low in comparison to the total industrial growth rate of the nation. Also, it is shown that the added-value ratios are lower than those of other industries. However, it appears that the livestock industry and its related industries have more effect on inducing production and employment in comparison to other industries, making a significant contribution to the national economy. They also have high linkage effect, implying that their development has positive effect on the growth of the entire economy. It is expected that upstream livestock industries will contribute to the growth of the livestock industry and that of the national economy in general as a new growth engine that will drive out the livestock sector from current stagnation. In particular, upstream livestock industries are evaluated as being capable of sustaining growth with the expansion of domestic market and export market. Therefore, the substantiality of upstream livestock industries, including feed industry, animal drugs industry, livestock equipment and livestock construction industry, and quarantine and pest control industry, should be ensured, so that they can drive the qualitative growth of the livestock industry. In order for upstream livestock industries to drive the qualitative growth of the livestock sector, the following are required. First of all, the current small-scale businesses should convert into competitive scaled-up businesses through industrial restructuring. Secondly, the investment in research and development needs to be expanded so as to improve the added values of the livestock industry and its upstream industries. Lastly, it is necessary to actively advance into the overseas market.

Researchers: In Bae Ji, Woo Jin Song, Jung Min Lee Research Period: 2012. 1～2012. 12 E-mail address: jiinbae@krei.re.kr