친환경농산물 도매시장 유통 활성화 방안

Abstract

최근 농식품 안전·안심에 대한 소비자 관심 증대, 친환경 학교급식 등의 실시로 친환경농산물의 소비가 확대되어 왔다. 또한 향후 친환경농산물의 시장규모는 지속적으로 성장할 것으로 전망되고 있다.

기존의 친환경농산물 유통은 생활협동조합이 개별 소비자에게 직거래 방식으로 판매해 왔고 이후 대형유통업체와 같은 유통주체도 계약재배, 매취를 통하여 원물을 수집하고 이를 매장에서 판매해 왔다. 그러나 지금의 친환경농산물 생산물량 증가분을 기존 유통경로에서 전부 처리하는 것에 한계가 발생하고 있다. 따라서 친환경농산물의 지속적 생산과 소비확대에 기여하기 위해 친환경농산물 도매시장 취급체계 정비의 필요성이 커지고 있다.

이 연구는 친환경농산물 기존 유통경로를 손상시키지 않는 범위 내에서 친환경농산물 도매시장 취급 현황, 문제점, 발전방안을 제시하는 것에 연구의 목적이 있다.

Background of Research Production and consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products have been rapidly increasing as consumers’ keen interest in safety of agricultural products has risen. Since organized living cooperative associations sold their environment-friendly agricultural products directly to independent consumers in the past, the general distribution channels such as wholesalers had difficulty in handling these products. However, the ratio of distribution via wholesale channel has been gradually increased as consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products has expanded. In order to contribute to continuous production and consumption expansion, the handling system for environment-friendly agricultural products in the wholesale markets shall be reorganized.

Methods of Research This study is to address vitalization of wholesale distribution for environment-friendly agricultural products by gathering previous statistical data and analysis. In addition, statistical analysis and quantitative analysis are conducted by utilizing surveys on forwarders, wholesale corporations, intermediate wholesalers, and consumers for environment-friendly agricultural products. In the second chapter, the current situation of distribution channels and relevant policies for environment-friendly agricultural products are analyzed by utilizing previous statistics, advanced researches, information on prices, and information on investigation of producers and consumers. In the third and fourth chapters, wholesale market related statistics and interviews and surveys are utilized to identify current situation and issues of wholesale distribution for environment-friendly agricultural products in the central and rural wholesale markets. In the fifth chapter, investigation on producers and consumers, previous best practices, interviews with distribution companies were used to propose activation measures of wholesale distribution for environment-friendly agricultural products, and relevant political measures.

Research results and implications Firstly, the relative weight for each distribution channel is researched to identify current situation of distribution for environment-friendly agricultural products. As a result, the products producers ship are distributed through dealers at producers sites, producers cooperatives, or food processing companies, food companies, internet shopping malls, large-scale distribution companies, consumer groups such as living cooperative associations, direct outlets at consumers sites, or exports. Among the channels, the large-scale distribution companies and franchised special shops account for 47%, the general supermarkets 15.7%, and living cooperative associations 14.6% respectively. By utilizing the research results on producers and consumers, and the distribution weight by channels for environment-friendly agricultural products, the distribution channels for living cooperative associations, wholesale markets, and large scale distribution companies are compared and evaluated. As a result, even though the weight of wholesale market’s handling the products has been dramatically increased, the level of producers’ and consumers’ satisfaction with them is the lowest due to the low selling price for producers and high distribution margins. Next, as a result of identifying current situation of wholesale market’s handling environment-friendly agricultural products, the issues for the markets can be classified into followings; main agents of shipping, handling system and facilities in wholesale markets, and safety. Therefore, the measures for vitalizing wholesale distribution of environment-friendly agricultural products shall be continuously promoted in the short and mid/long term under the following fundamental principles. First, wholesale markets need to diversify locations of consumers sites. Second, the safety system that producing sites, wholesale markets, and consumers sites are properly associated needs to be established. Third, the trading system needs to be diversified in order to establish the measures for vitalizing wholesale distribution of environment-friendly agricultural products while environment-friendly agricultural products specialized companies and intermediate dealers shall be promoted. Handling environment-friendly agricultural products in wholesale markets shall reflect the characteristics of the products and changes in distribution environment to contribute to vitalized trading of the products. Based on the foregoing analysis, the government shall promote to vitalize wholesale distribution for environment-friendly agricultural products in wholesale markets reflecting the characteristics of their production and distribution, and improving the distribution structure as well. In the short term, the consumer trust on the products shall be secured by primarily establishing safety system in the circle of distribution for producers and wholesale markets. In the mid/long term, the shipment to living cooperative associations and large-scale distribution companies shall be effectively made by establishing a shipment system for environment-friendly agricultural products being centered by APC. In the mean time, specialized spaces for environment-friendly agricultural products in wholesale markets need to be secured as per the schedule of facility modernization business while environment-friendly agricultural products specialized companies and intermediate dealers need to be promoted.

Researchers: Byung-ok Choi, Byeong-Ryul Kim, Kee-Hyun Lee Research Period: 2013. 1∼2013. 12 E-mail address: bochoi@krei.re.kr