김치 Codex 규격화 추진성과 분석

Abstract

Codex는 국제적으로 통용될 수 있는 식품 규격기준을 포함하는 식품법전이라고 할 수 있으며, 국제식품 교역에서 중요성이 높아지고 있다. Codex 식품규격 위원회는 세계적으로 통용될 수 있는 식품관련법을 제정, 준수함으로써 식품으로 인한 인간의 위해방지 및 국제간 식품의 원활한 교역을 목적으로 하고 있다. 우리나라는 1971년에 Codex 회원국으로 가입하였으며 2001년에 김치가 세계규격으로 채택되었고 2009년에는 고추장, 된장, 인삼제품도 지역규격으로 채택되었다. 또한, 우리나라가 제안한 김 제품과 인삼제품 지역규격의 세계규격 전환 작업도 진행 중에 있다. 우리나라 김치가 Codex 세계규격으로 채택된 지 10년 이상이 경과되었기 때문에 Codex 규격화 추진성과를 살펴보고 향후 추진방향을 재정립할 필요성이 있어 본 연구를 수행하였다. 이 연구의 목적은 김치의 Codex 세계규격 도입이 김치 수출량과 수출가격에 미친 영향을 분석하고 향후 수출량을 전망하는 것이다.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the introduced international Codex standard for kimchi on the kimchi export industry, and to predict the volume of exported kimchi. The introduced Codex standard for kimchi contributed to increasing the volume of exported kimchi to yearly 6,185~7,232 tons, and the export amount to 26.9~31.4 billion won. The scare of parasite eggs found in kimchi had a negative effect on the volume of exported kimchi, and reduced yearly 5,908 tons thereof. The effect of export increase by introducing the Codex standard for kimchi cancelled out the part of reduced export due to the scare of parasite eggs found in kimchi and then increased exported kimchi by yearly 277~1,324 tons. The volume of exported kimchi is predicted to be approximately 26,500~27,400 tons if there is given no significant impact on the supply and demand of kimchi for the coming 5 years. It is predicted that the volume of exported kimchi will increase by approximately 0.23% if the price of exported kimchi rises by 1%. When the price of kimchi exported to Japan which is a major country for exported kimchi from Korea decreases by 100 JPY per kg, the volume of exported kimchi increases by 13,051 tons. When the GNP increases by 1,000 JPY, the volume of exported kimchi increases by 462 tons. This implies that it is highly likely that the volume of exported kimchi will increase when GNP of major countries, for example, Japan for exported kimchi increases. The introduced Codex standard for kimchi contributed to reducing fluctuations of exported kimchi prices to stabilize the prices of exported kimchi. The scare of parasite eggs found in kimchi increased fluctuations of exported kimchi prices. Increases in the volume of exported kimchi imply increased demand for Chinese cabbage which is a raw material for kimchi in the Korean market, provided that other conditions are constant. Therefore, it is analyzed and thought that the introduced Codex standard resulted in increases in demand for Chinese cabbage in Korea to contribute to increasing Chinese cabbage growers’ income. It is also thought that the increased volume of exported kimchi and the stabilized prices of exported kimchi after introducing the Codex standard for kimchi contributed to kimchi producers’ stable management and facilitated export of kimchi, including kimchi producers’ increased sales amount, stabilized production efficiency, levelled-out profitability, and stabilized financial structure.

Researchers: Kyung-Phil Kim, Dong-So Lee Research period: 2013. 10. - 2013. 12. E-mail address: kkhpil@krei.re.kr