플랫폼 기반의 농산물 유통서비스 활성화 방안(2/3차년도)

Abstract

4차산업혁명과 코로나19로 인한 유통환경 변화에 따라 농산물 유통도 온라인 플랫폼을 기반으로 하는 거래가 크게 확대되고 있다. 이에 따라 전통적인 농산물 유통구조에서 온라인 플랫폼 기반으로 거래하는 유통구조로 중심이 이동하고 있다. 이러한 새로운 유통 개념, 새로운 형태의 유통 업태, 신유통시대에는 상품 경쟁력보다 물류산업에서의 경쟁력이 유통시장에서 성패를 좌우할 정도로 물류의 중요성이 커지고 있다.

이 연구는 총 3개년에 걸쳐 수행되며, 본 보고서는 2차년도로 온라인 플랫폼 기반 농산물 물류 효율화 방안에 대한 연구의 결과물이다. 1차년도(2021년)에는 유통환경 변화에 따른 온라인 플랫폼 기반의 농산물 유통 실태와 활성화 방안을 도출하였으며, 마지막 3차년도(2023년)에는 농산물 유통의 온-오프라인 채널의 미래를 전망하고 농산물 유통정책 제언과 발전방안을 제시할 예정이다.

Background and Purpose ○Under the influence of the three-year-long COVID-19 pandemic, consumers have come to prefer non-face-to-face purchase, which has led to a rapid increase in online transactions. In the supply sector, such as agrifood corporations, integrated marketing organizations, cooperatives, etc., their sales to online platform businesses are increasing, and such trend is expected to expand further.

○Logistics is infrastructure for facilitating commercial distribution. Agrifood distribution requires a logistics system suited to the rapid development of online operation and digitalization. In the era where a new concept of distribution, new forms of distribution businesses, and new methods of distribution are prevalent, logistics is becoming more important to the extent that the success in the distribution market relies on competitiveness in logistics rather than on product competitiveness amidst the expansion of the demand for more rapid, personalized logistics services.

○As for agricultural products, there are grains such as rice that can be stored and transported at normal temperature. Still, most of the products require a consistent cold-chain system in the process of production, storage, loading and offloading, and transportation. Currently, the way of handling agricultural products is much behind that of handling industrial products, due to the lack of facilities, equipment, and relevant skills associated with adequate storage and transportation. The distribution of agricultural products in the production areas and through wholesale remains backward in terms of transportation vehicles/equipment, logistics facilities, and a logistics information system.

○The logistics connection is weak among the places of production and the wholesale and retail stages, with redundant cost and inefficiency. Product standardization has a long way to go due to problems in classification and packing standards, etc. and it poses a stumbling block in the expansion of online transactions. There are also other problems like sticking to traditional practices of transportation in different regions and systematic problems like VAT. Online transactions are small in size and are scattered, acting as a factor burdening both producers and consumers. Such problems require more detailed survey and analysis to come up with ways for more efficient operation of logistics.

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